Selangore Sultanate

In ancient time, Selangor was not a unified state as it is now. But the places around Selangor were governed by ancient Malay Kingdom like Sri Vijaya based on the river settlements such as Kuala Selangor has its own settlement, Kelang river has its own settlement and so to Jugra-Langat river also had settelement of orang laut and there also some malay tribes from celebes settled there during monsoon, And so those rivers settlement will be administered by appointed headman called mandulika during sri vijaya times and penghulu during Melaka times, all these penghulu/mandulika of kuala selangor, kelang and jugra paid homage to reigning kings of Sri vijaya, then Melaka and followed by Johor Riau empire.. these small settlements served as feeder ports to support the needs of capital port like Palembanng (during sri vijaya), melaka port and riau-lingga port (during Johor riau kingdom), as vassal states they also have to provide manpower for navy fleets and soldiers to the capital during wars. That's why during siamese attack, kelang under its penghulu Tun Perak was recorded as the most prominent fighting battalion or garrison instrumental in defeating siamese army in both attempts around circa 1440- 1450's during Sultan Muzaffar Shah reign.
this settlements of oranglaut tribes had sworn to be the servants and fighting men for any reigning king from bukit seguntang palembang lineage and this was practiced for thousands of years.....
during johor riau empire, when the time of disputes and wars with holland or acheh or else, these rivers were populated by Bugis merceneries and traders as port for them to repair their ships, gathering goods for trading and settlement while waiting monsoon winds for sailing. before establishment of a proper state, there were records about titles like Raja Tua Selangor, Tok Engku Kelang, Tengku Kelana, penghulu and so forth, all were considered as the headmen of representatives to the reigning malay monarch. until during the times of 5bugis brothers controlling or patrolling the areas on behalf of the Sultan, the people of selangor wanted to have their own king fearing that current scenario of continuous warfare around the Malay archipelagos may one day expose these settlement to the dominions or colonization of the western powers especially from the dutch....\\
the situations were not certain here and there, where many wars broken here and there, thus these rivers settlements shall be unified and ruled by a king rather than been possessed by any western powers who always look for colony taking advantage during warring period.
since the bugis had populated the places and well mixed with the orang laut who were also of the same stock,, the people of selangor rivers preferred one of the 5 bugis prince selected to become their king and they favoured Opu Daeng Chelak to become the king. but this cannot been fulfilled, bexause Daeng Chelak was also needed to administer the johor riau empire as Yamtuan Muda (the underking to the Sultan of Johor), since his brother Daeng Perani was killed during a battle at kuala kedah therefore only Daeng Chelak could replace opu Daeng Merewah (the eldest, the first yamtuan muda) if Daeng Merewah died. Moreso, the younger brothers Daeng Kemasi and Daeng Menambun were both had find their place to become king at borneo e.g. Mempawah, Pontianak and Siantan.
for this purpose , a son of opu Daeng Chelak i.e. Daeng/Raja Lumu was tested with several endurance tests and rituals as to qualify to become a sultan and he passed all tests without any harms happened to his body, and therefore the Sultan of Perak who is direct descendant to Sri Vijaya Bukit Seguntang bloodline had invited raja lumu to come to Pulau Pangkor where on his way there were several tests conducted to test him to qualified as a king based on ancient malay kingdom customs and rituals..Seeing raja Lumu survived all tests then Sultan Perak had recognized raja lumu as the righteous person to become a sovereign king and bestowed with regalias and royal orghestra (Nobat) to complete the procession. then Raja Lumu was confirmed as the first sultan of Selangor with title Sultan Salehuddin Shah and qualified to bring home regalias and nobat with the players too who were called as Orang Kalau/Kelur and their posutions were inherited down to their descendants until now.

coup d'etat in ancient Malay Sultanate (Melaka) Part2

Part2.

Tun Ali bin Mani Purindan is brother to Raja Kassim's mother. As uncle, he couldn't bear to see Raja Kassim who's an able man and fit to be the sultan live as peasant , as compared to the minor king that's being used by Raja Rokan to impose his influence on the administration of the kingdom. Tun Ali had many fiends of Muslims traders who started to frequently harbouring Melaka port. Their numbers were increased from time to time since the conversion of Melaka sultan to Islam. They comprised of traders from Gujerat, Benggala, Bombay, Hadhramaut, Jeddah, Habshah,Persia, Turkey and other smaller states.

Some of the ships of Muslim traders were also equipped with sufficient weaponry for the protection from piracy or any other enemies. Tun Ali met some Arab ship captains and told them the situation in Melaka, the only way to save it is through coup d'etat, considering the current support towards palace had weakened due to abuse of power by Raja Rokan where many ministers and court officials were not in favor with the running of the throne. One ship capatain agreed to the condition if this plan is successful, he wanted the Raja Paraeswara Dewa Syah's (the minor king)mother, the Puteri Rokan, been given to be his wife as reward for his mercenaries. Tun Ali agreeable to that.

At one black night, all the muslims ships crews from Arabs and India assembled at the port of Melaka complete with fighting weapon, Tun Ali and local fighting from those who sympathized with the fate of Raja kassim joined the attacking army. They move in the night to Bendahara Seri Wak Raja residence, with Raja Kassim on top of an elephant they stopped at the Bendahara's main gate. Tun Ali came to Bendahara's house and called Bendahara said the king summons Bendahara ("titah memanggil Datok naik ke gajah!!") to join his highness on the elephant waiting outside the gate at once. And so Dato Bendahara Sri Wak Raja rushed underdressed to the elephant thinking it is the reigning king waiting for him.

To his surprise it was Raja Kassim, not Raja Parameswara Dewa Syah. And he saw many fighting men complete with war gears surround the Raja Kassim elephant. Bendahara understood they all were there to invade the palace and overthrow the raja Rokan's men. Bendahara cannot say much but to condone and saying "Raja Kassim pun tuan kepada kita juga" or Raja Kassim is my lord too.

The attacking party moved to the palace and attacked at once. It were chaos and havoc that night. Raja Kassim ordered the men not to kill Raja Rokan first , fearing his brother the minor king who's always inhis arms be killed if they do anything unto Raja Rokan, but the atmosphere was so noisy with men shouting and fighting. The palace was defended mostly by palace guards and Raja Rokan's loyal men. Some soldiers knowing that this is a coup d'etat by the elder prince, stayed away from the fight and be neutral,

The palace side was defeated and the ianvading fighters did not know Raja Kassim order. They especially those who has long dislikened Raja Rokan's attitude and manners attacked him and had succeed to injure him. Knowing he was inh=jured he then killed the minor king first whilst many tried to take the king away from him but Raja Rokan hugged the king so tightly. With no choice they finished the life of Raja Rokan.. and the minor King was already dead by Raja Rokan's keris.

Tun Ali had selected one beautiful palace attendant to impersonate like Puteri Rokan, and she's given to the Arab ship capatain who has cooperated to bring Muslims trader to join the invading team.

Raja Kassim then succeeded to become the next Melaka king with title Sultan Muzaffar Syah where he is the first to use Sultan as the king title replacing formerly used Raja.. since the use of name Sultan, Islam then was considered to become official religion to Melaka kingdom and later on by all malays throughout Malays Archipelagoes.

Ancient Mariner - the spirit and courage

"We're following the ancient Cinnamon Route," he says proudly, seated atop a coil of rope in the ship's bow as it skims across the Java Sea. "Indonesian ships sailed it thousands of years ago, bringing the spices of the islands to Africa and returning with iron, luxury goods such as ivory and leopard skins, and slaves. It was the beginning of global commerce."

Though largely unknown outside of the region, this was one of the first great achievements in marine exploration: centuries before anybody else engaged in regular long-distance voyages, mariners from the Malay Archipelago ruled the Indian Ocean. The Roman historian Pliny wrote in the first century A.D. about sailors arriving in Africa from the eastern sea on rafts, propelled not by sails but by "the spirit of man and human courage," carrying cinnamon and other spices.

Read more: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,480337,00.html#ixzz0dPqiCpgS